Biological Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

INTRODUCTION The biological effects of low frequency electric and magnetic fields2 (EMF) have become a topic of considerable scientific scrutiny during the past two decades. The flurry of research in this area has contributed greatly to our understanding of the complex electromagnetic environment to which we are exposed but it has not abated the controversy [...]

Electromagnetic Energy and Its Effects

What is RF EME? Electromagnetic energy (EME) is the energy stored in an electromagnetic field. It is a part of our natural environment, emitted by sources like the sun, the Earth and the ionosphere, as well as artificial sources such as mobile phones and base stations, broadcast towers, radar facilities, and electrical and electronic equipment. [...]

Scaling Public Concerns of Electromagnetic Fields Produced by Solar Photovoltaic Arrays

Introduction In our modern society electricity is vital to our health, safety, comfort and well-being. While our daily use of electricity is often taken for granted, public concern has arisen about potential adverse health effects from electric and magnetic – electromagnetic – fields (EMFs) produced by our use of electricity. The purpose of this paper [...]

Electromagnetic Fields Generated by Earthquakes

1. Introduction Independent knowledge of the physical processes that occur with seismic events can be obtained from observations of electric and magnetic fields generated by these complex processes. During the past few decades, we have seen a remarkable increase in the quality and quantity of electromagnetic (EM) data recorded before and during earthquakes and volcanic [...]

Controlling Electromagnetic Fields

Using the freedom of design that metamaterials provide, we show how electromagnetic fields can be redirected at will and propose a design strategy. The conserved fields—electric displacement field D, magnetic induction field B, and Poynting vector S—are all displaced in a consistent manner. A simple illustration is given of the cloaking of a proscribed volume [...]

Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: Fact or fiction?

1. Introduction In the early years of the 21st century, there are increasing reports throughout the world of individuals and clusters of people complaining of various clinical symptoms in response to minimal exposure to everyday levels of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). Some individuals experience difficulty around wireless systems, when using cordless or cell phones, when exposed [...]

Genetic Effects of Non-Ionizing Electromagnetic Fields 2012 Supplement

I. INTRODUCTION The following is an update of information and abstracts on research papers published since 2006/2007 on the genetic effects of nonionizing electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the radiofrequency (RF) and extremely-low frequency (ELF) ranges. Two static magnetic field papers (Jouni et al. 2012; Wang et al., 2009) are also included. Where additional information is [...]

Persaingan Usaha

Peningkatan persaingan usaha dapat meningkatkan kinerja ekonomi sebuah negara, membuka peluang usaha bagi warga negaranya dan mengurangi biaya barang dan jasa di seluruh bidang perekonomian. Akan tetapi, banyak ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang membatasi persaingan di pasar. Banyak peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut yang mengatur lebih jauh dari yang diperlukan untuk mencapai sasaran kebijakannya. Pemerintah dapat mengurangi pembatasan-pembatasan yang tidak perlu dengan menerapkan “Toolkit Penilaian [...]

Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia di Indonesia

Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia di Indonesia - Upaya meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia, pendidikan merupakan salah satu cara yang strategis, karena dengan pendidikan anak-anak bangsa ini akan secara sistematis mendapatkan layanan untuk menumbuhkembangkan potensi yang dimilikinya. Pendidikan seperti yang dipahami adalah menjadi tanggung jawab bersama baik pemerintah maupun masyarakat pada umumnya, termasuk keluarga, karena pendidikan bukan hanya menjadi hak; tetapi juga [...]

Karakteristik Aspal Sebagai Bahan Pengikat Yang Ditambahkan Styrofoam

Dalam meningkatkan kualitas aspal sebagai bahan pengikat beton aspal campuran panas, banyak usaha yang telah dilakukan. Penggunaan jenis bahan tambah pada material aspal sangat tergantung kepada tujuan-tujuan yang ingin dicapai yaitu meningkatkan kinerja campuran beton aspal campuran panas terhadap faktor lingkungan, repetisi beban lalu-lintas, dan temperatur  selama masa layannya.  Salah satu usaha yang telah dilakukan [...]
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